College essays help: December 2019

Wednesday, December 25, 2019

Toyota Case Study (Case 4). Toyota Origins, Evolution,...

The typical mass-production system established by Henry T. Ford in the early 1900Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s is based on the idea that there would be an assembly line that was to produce a limited product line in massive quantities to gain economies of scale. To do this the company needs to stretch its fixed costs that are involved in setting up a specialized machine and the way to do this produce a massive amount of that part of the equipment, store it in warehouses, and change the equipment to produce the next needed part. In doing this, the employees do the same job continuously and this increases in the likelihood possible errors because without the incentive to be efficient, employees will not be careful. Also, you have to pay managers and foremen to overseeÃ¢â‚¬ ¦show more contentÃ¢â‚¬ ¦A database compiles all of the customer preferences from style, color, process, luxury features, etc. The information is compiled, sorted, analyzed, and implemented into action on an assembly floor. The implicati ons are that Toyota is going to the customer, changing the way market is done and how effective it is, and the need for precise research and development to take to customer and chart their reactions. The basis of ToyotaÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s competitive advantage is efficient production at low costs, but not conceding by way of quality. Toyota has mastered the way of production on the assembly line without producing large inventory amounts. However, relationships not only with suppliers, but with the customers help establish loyalty and the need to want to give feedback. ToyotaÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s success most certainly can be imitated; however, U.S. companies typically do not do business in this manner. Toyota simply imitated what leaders in the industry were doing when they entered the market, studied their competition, and collaborated to recognize implement new changes. It is all about trial and error, focus, and team-work; all qualities the Japanese businessmen are known for. Toyota will be able to establish their competitive advantage in the future simply because as their competitors continue to innovate and perform, Toyota is continuing to do well. Toyota achieved its goal of owning at least 15% of the market share and is now the leading car manufacture internationally. Toyota isShow MoreRelatedA Case Study of International Brand Management: Comparison of Lexus Brand Management in Brazil, United States and Japan.39374 Words Ã‚ |Ã‚ 158 PagesA CASE STUDY OF INTERNATIONAL BRAND MANAGEMENT: COMPARISON OF LEXUS BRAND MANAGEMENT IN BRAZIL, UNITED STATES AND JAPAN. Wakayama University Graduate School of Economics Supervisor: Sotaro Sasaki Author: Ana Cecilia FernÃƒ ¡ndez Pedrozo Student Number: 17410030 Table of Contents INTRODUCTIONÃ‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ · 1 I. ANALYSIS OF THEORETICAL BACKGROUNDÃ‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ·Ã‚ · 4 I.1. BRAND MANAGEMENTRead MoreTechnological Change, Information Processing And Supply Chain Integration9364 Words Ã‚ |Ã‚ 38 Pageseconomies should strongly determine the speed of competitive reaction. We use the example of automotive transmission development to study this, provide a conceptual model for the analysis and offer research propositions. Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ Design/methodology/approach: We build a conceptual model based on information processing theory and offer research propositions based on case study evidence of three automotive OEMs and two suppliers. Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ Findings: Overall, we find symptoms of two larger trends: increasing specializationRead MoreLuxrious Cars Market Analysis in Bangladesh10008 Words Ã‚ |Ã‚ 41 Pagesmore. An academic course of the study has a great value when it has practical application in real life situation. So, I need proper application of my knowledge to get some benefit from my theoretical knowledge that makes it more tactful, when I engage myself in such field to make proper use of my theoretical knowledge in my practical life situation. Such all applications are made possible through internship. Department of Accounting and Finance studies has given the responsibility of interdictingRead MoreManagement and Study Unit41775 Words Ã‚ |Ã‚ 168 PagesMANAGEMENT STUDY GUIDE FOR MODULE 2 PURCHASING AND SUPPLY MANAGEMENT PPSM026 i Ã‚ © 2011 University of South Africa All rights reserved Printed and published by the University of South Africa Muckleneuk, Pretoria Author: Ms Irma Fourie PPSM026/1/2011-2013 ii PURCHASING AND SUPPLY MANAGEMENT (PPSM026) CONTENTS TOPIC 1: THE PURCHASING FUNCTION: AN OVERVIEW The purchasing function in perspective The task of purchasing and supply management Purchasing processes and procedures Study unit 1:Read MoreManagement and Study Unit41787 Words Ã‚ |Ã‚ 168 PagesMANAGEMENT STUDY GUIDE FOR MODULE 2 PURCHASING AND SUPPLY MANAGEMENT PPSM026 i Ã‚ © 2011 University of South Africa All rights reserved Printed and published by the University of South Africa Muckleneuk, Pretoria Author: Ms Irma Fourie PPSM026/1/2011-2013 ii PURCHASING AND SUPPLY MANAGEMENT (PPSM026) CONTENTS TOPIC 1: THE PURCHASING FUNCTION: AN OVERVIEW The purchasing function in perspective The task of purchasing and supply management Purchasing processes and procedures Study unit 1: Study unitRead MoreChannels of Distribution and Logistics18744 Words Ã‚ |Ã‚ 75 Pagesinto the hands of customers). Before we discuss the structure of marketing channels, followed by logistics, it is useful that we look at their emergence and the functions that channels perform. THE CONSUMER WANTS CYCLE The word Ã¢â‚¬ËœchannelÃ¢â‚¬â„¢ has its origins in the word for canal, which for marketing can be interpreted as a route taken by products as they flow from production to points of intermediate and final use. Marketing is a key factor in a continuous cycle that begins and ends with consumer wantsRead MoreEssay on Porters Diamond Model29755 Words Ã‚ |Ã‚ 120 PagesINDUSTRY IN MEXICO AFTER TEN YEARS OF NAFTA SALVADOR BARRAGAN Master in Business Administration, IPADE Business School, 1996 BSc in Industrial Engineering, Universidad Panamericana, 1994 A Research Project Submitted to the School of Graduate Studies of the University of Lethbridge in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree MASTER OF SCIENCE IN MANAGEMENT Faculty of Management University of Lethbridge LETHBRIDGE, ALBERTA, CANADA Ã‚ © Salvador BarragÃƒ ¡n, 2005 ii Abstract Read MoreTata International Strategy11355 Words Ã‚ |Ã‚ 46 Pagesleader in commercial vehicles and among the top three in passenger vehicles. The company is the world s fourth largest truck manufacturer, the world s second largest bus manufacturer, and employs 50,000 workers. Tata Motors has produced and sold over 4 million vehicles in India since 1954. Established in 1945, when the company began manufacturing locomotives, the company manufactured its first commercial vehicle in 1954 in collaboration with Daimler-Benz AG, which ended in 1969. Tata Motors is aRead MoreFour Wheeler Industry in India13140 Words Ã‚ |Ã‚ 53 Pagesdrawn. There is correlation between domestic consumption of cars and length of roads as well. NO. | CONTENTS | PAGE NO. | 1 | INTRODUCTION | 6 | 2 | LITERATURE REVIEW | 8-22 | | INDUSTRY BACKGROUND | 8 | | HISTORY AND EVOLUTION OF AUTOMOBILES IN INDIA | 9 | | EVOLUTION OF AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRIES | 10 | | DOMESTIC SALES | 11 | | INDIAN AUTOMOTIVE CLUSTERS | 11 | | SWOT ANALYSIS | 12 | | INDIA ADVANTAGE | 14 | | MAJOR CHALLENGES | 15 | | GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORKRead MoreZara Business Case15365 Words Ã‚ |Ã‚ 62 Pagesestimated 69% for Wal-Mart or, for that matter, other high-performing retailers.1 The next section of this case briefly describes the structure of the global apparel chain, from producers to final customers. The section that follows profiles three of InditexÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s leading international competitors in apparel retailing: The Gap (U.S.), Hennes Mauritz (Sweden), and Benetton (Italy). The rest of the case focuses on Inditex, particularly the business system and international expansion of the Zara chain that

Tuesday, December 24, 2019

Toyota Case Study (Case 4). Toyota Origins, Evolution,...

Monday, December 16, 2019

Unusual Article Uncovers the Deceptive Practices of Gre Practice Essay Topics

Unusual Article Uncovers the Deceptive Practices of Gre Practice Essay Topics The Importance of Gre Practice Essay Topics The very first element of the essay we'll analyze is the way that it succeeds in identifying and examining the pieces of the argument that relate to the undertaking. GMAT writing must be achieved with care as you not only will need in order to recognize the holes in the statement you will critique you will also have to receive your thoughts down in perfect English with no errors. Along with a good structure, you'll want an argument, a strong thesis, and strong research. There are a few commonalities across each one of the essay prompts on the GRE Argument pool page, even past the simple fact which each task asks you to examine some sort of argument and analyze it. New Step by Step Roadmap for Gre Practice Essay Topics Now, a lot of people don't know the best ways of tackling gre essay topics. Finally the studio must ask whether the proportion of positive reviews is a really appropriate approach to measure the possible effects of movie reviews. The key issue is to write using good grammar and punctuation. During the test, you're going to be asked to react in writing to two distinct types of prompts. There's nothing particularly special with respect to how you're going to be expected to compose your essays for any of the tests. The gre essay is broken up into different sections, and the most essential section appears to be the analytical writing assessment portion which is made up of two essays. As a result, if you would like to know the GRE sample essays clearly, you have to first go through these links which will provide you with a fair idea of the way to prepare for this test section, what the test section contains and what all to bear in mind when writing the essays. You will discover that you are able to use a number of them for many essays don't let the very first thing that springs to mind box you in. The essays are broken up into two. Before you even begin writing an essay, it is crucial to understand what you would like to say. A very good argumentative essay is going to be based on established or new research in place of only on your ideas and feelings. Continue reading for a discussion of the various ways this essay meets the requirements for an ideal score. It is advisable to commit a couple of hours in preparation for your essay. While you might not be capable of using the on-line essay proofreader within the test it is possible to use it on all your practice essays. The conventional five-paragraph essay is not uncommon in writing argumentative essays, but it's only one means to write one. The Lost Secret of Gre Practice Essay Topics All things considered, the perfect way to get GRE writing practice is to get started writing GRE essays. Anyone who's planning to attend graduate or company school is usually required to select the GRE exam. The perfect way to get ready for the GRE essay is to write one and have it graded by a specialist, utilizing the exact guidelines that are used for the actual GRE. If writing essays isn't your forte, then you have to sit up and take stock of the quantity of preparation you are going to ne ed for getting a great score in the Analytical Writing test section of the GRE. The very first point to do before you get started searching for GRE sample essays is to comprehend what the Analytical Writing test section is about. The Analytical Writing Measure is merely a single portion of the GRE, but, together with your scores on the opposite sections of the test, helps to predict your capacity to be effective in graduate school. The perfect way to determine how to find a high Analytical Writing score is to have a look at a GRE essay sample, but doing so with no guidance can be overwhelming. Practice brainstorming a lot of different essay prompts from the ETS website to become accustomed to coming up with examples that you may use to support your viewpoint. As stated earlier, the scenario will always be shown in the exact same way. You should quote when you think that the way the original author expresses an idea is easily the most efficient approach to communicate the point you would like to make. Bear in mind, however, that the scenario you will noti ce on your exam will be a lot less familiar to you. It will always be presented in the same form. If you get ready for the united states. You won't be requested to write about a particular topic so much as you'll be requested to respond to a certain scenario.

Sunday, December 8, 2019

Cloning 4 Essay Research Paper CloningAttempts to free essay sample

Cloning 4 Essay, Research Paper Cloning Attempts to make a human being by cloning should be banned for several grounds. Although cloning has some benefits, efforts to clone a human will convey up many moral and ethical issues. Seppa ( 1997 ) studies that the National Bioethics Advisory Commission ( NABC ) concludes that it would be morally unacceptable for anyone in the populace or private sector # 8230 ; to try to make a kid by engrafting cloned embryos in a adult female. Cloning has many benefits, but it besides poses great hazards to the human race. This study will demo why cloning should be banned. McKinnel ( 1979 ) studies that cloning has been around for decennaries and that scientists have known how to clone in rule for at least two decennaries. Scientists have been able to clone both workss and animate beings. They can turn a whole new works from a fragment of an bing works. Cloning has been used in agribusiness to bring forth high quality unvarying merchandises. We will write a custom essay sample on Cloning 4 Essay Research Paper CloningAttempts to or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Scientists have cloned toads for scientific research. Gould ( 1997 ) studies that scientists from Scotland were able to clone a sheep from an grownup cell. The sheep named Dolly is non the first mammal of all time cloned. This is merely one measure closer to cloning worlds. Plants and animate beings have been cloned for decennaries, but cloning airss great hazards to worlds. Cloning airss great hazards to the human race. Cloning may do human organic structures to halt aging. Then the universe would go full of aged immortals and few kids. That would non be good for the universe because the universe needs the benefit of thoughts from immature people. Cloning could besides do people to go supernatural. Another hazard to worlds would be the menace of pestilences. Plagues could develop as a consequence of cloning. A world-wide epidemic unbalancing the ecology may besides develop as a consequence of cloning. Seppa ( 1997 ) studies that the National Bioethics Advisory Commission has said that the technique used by the Scots scientists to clone a sheep would present great hazards to worlds. It was besides reported by Seppa ( 1997 ) that Alta Charo said before successfully cloning a lamb, the research workers failed 277 times, bring forthing many unnatural and still born animate beings. Cloning will non merely pose great hazards to the human race, but it will bes ides raise moral and ethical issues. Cloning will raise moral and ethical issues. Seppa ( 1997 ) reported that anti-abortionists feel that life should get down at construct. Therefore they feel that cloning should be banned. If cloning does go on, there is a existent potency for developmental abnormalcies. McKinnel ( 1979 ) reported that nature is imperfect and so is the possible man-made homo produced by cloning. Cloning worlds raises moral issues. Seppa ( 1997 ) reported that Ezekiel Emanuel said a kid Born of cloning would confront an tremendous weight of societal and parental outlooks about what and who that kid should be. Cloning raises many moral and ethical issues, but cloning does hold some benefits. Cloning has many benefits. Gould ( 1997 ) and McKinnel ( 1979 ) both reported that cloning could be used for trim parts. Gould ( 1997 ) besides reports that bureaus could utilize cloning to do money. Cloning may be used to protract life, possibly even make people live everlastingly. McKinnel ( 1979 ) studies that cloning could extinguish familial defects. If one person in a matrimony has a familial defect, the spouse without the defect could be cloned. The familial defect would be eliminated and the married twosome could hold kids and non worry about a familial defect. McKinnel ( 1979 ) besides reported that the credence of tissue grafts without rejection among members of the isogenic group is a possible benefit of cloning. Another benefit is that cloning may do it possible to continue embryo cells or even produce embryo cells from other organic structure cells. The cells could so be placed inside female parents to turn into human existences. Then these populating transcripts could be born when the first person is old or dead. Even though here are benefits from cloning, all of these benefits involve hazards. If scientists use cloning to clone trim parts, there would be hazards to the alternate female parent who would transport the ringer study Gould ( 1997 ) . Gould ( 1997 ) besides reported that bureaus might mistreat the ringers. If cloning makes people live everlastingly and the universe becomes full of immortals and aged people, so we won Ts have any im mature heads. If scientists preserve embryo cells and engraft them in alternate female parents when one person is old or dead, that so poses a hazard to the alternate female parent. Extinguishing a familial defect by cloning besides has hazards. There are hazards to the female parent s wellness. McKinnel ( 1979 ) reported that it is possible for foetal cells to interrupt lose during the gestation and happen their manner into the female parent s tissue. If the cloned cells get into her tissue they may go malignant neoplastic disease and the female parent could decease of malignant neoplastic disease related to her gestation. Even though there is some good that come out of cloning, cloning should still be banned. Attempts to make a human being by cloning should be banned. Cloning does hold some benefits, but it raises many moral and ethical issues. The National Bioethics Advisory Commission concludes that it would be morally unacceptable for anyone in the populace or private sector # 8230 ; to try to make a kid by engrafting cloned embryos in adult females studies Seppa ( 1997 ) . The rule of cloning has been known for at least two decennaries. Plants, such as apples and those in agribusiness have been cloned to bring forth unvarying and high quality merchandises. Frogs have besides been cloned for scientific research. Dolly, the cloned sheep, is non the first mammalian ringer. Dolly is the first ringer from an grownup cell. Cloning airss great hazards to worlds. The NABC concluded that the technique the Scots used to clone a sheep would be harmful to worlds. Seppa ( 1997 ) reported that Alta Charo said before successfully cloning a lamb, the research workers failed 277 times, bring forthing many unnatural and still born animate beings. Those who believe cloning benefits should believe about the hazard cloning brings to the alternate female parent has in order to transport the ringer. Cloning besides brings a menace of pestilences and superhuman animals. An mistake or deliberate act could do a world-wide epidemic by unbalancing the ecology. Cloning besides raises moral and ethical issues. Seppa ( 1997 ) reported that Ezekiel Emanuel said a kid Born of cloning would confront tremendous societal and parental outlooks about what and who that kid should be. Anti-abortionists believe that life starts at construct and that cloning should be banned. Cloning should be banned for the grounds above. There is a existent potency for developmental abnormalcies. The hazard of bring forthing unnatural worlds is unsafe to the human race and the moral and ethical issues will go on unless human cloning is banned.

Sunday, December 1, 2019

Supply Chain Integration free essay sample

Management revolve around efficient integration between suppliers, manufacturers, warehouses, and stores. The challenge is on how to coordinate all the activities, in order to: * Improve performance * Reduce cost * Increase service level * Reduce Bullwhip effect * Better utilise resources * Respond effectively to changes in market places Not merely coordinating production, transportation and inventory, but also integrate front end to back end of SC. Various SC integration strategies: * Push, pull, pushÃ¢â‚¬â€œpull strategy. Matching products and industries with supply chain strategies. * Demand-driven supply chain strategies. * The impact of the Internet on supply chain integration. Push-Based SC * Production and distribution decisions based on long-term forecasts. * Manufacturer demand forecasts based on orders received from the retailerÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s warehouses. , leading to: * Longer reaction time to changing marketplace * Inability to meet changing demand patterns. * Obsolescence of s upply chain inventory as demand for certain products disappears. * Variability of orders received from retailers and suppliers are much larger than the variability in customer demand due to the bullwhip effect, this leads to: * Excessive inventories due to the need for large safety stocks * Larger and more variable production batches * Unacceptable service levels * Product obsolescence * Bullwhip effect: occurs when the demand order variabilities in the supply chain are amplified as they moved up the supply chain , will leads to inefficient resource utilization because planning and managing are much more difficult. We will write a custom essay sample on Supply Chain Integration or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Push Based SC usually results in: * Higher transportation costs * Higher inventory levels and/or higher manufacturing costs * More emergency production changeovers Pull- Based SC * Production and distribution demand driven * Coordinated with true customer demand rather than forecast demand * Firm does not hold any inventory and only responds to specific orders. * Enabled by fast information flow mechanism to transfer customer demand to SC participants. * Intuitively attractive, due to: * Reduced lead times through the ability to better anticipate incoming orders from the retailers. Reduced inventory since inventory levels increase with lead times * Less variability in the system, particularly in manufacturing process * Decreased inventory at the manufacturer due to the reduction in variability. * Often difficult to implement when lead times are long, because * Impractical to react to demand information. * more difficult to take advantage of economies of scale New supply chain strategy that takes the best of both, a hybrid PushÃ¢â‚¬â€œpull supply chain strategy Push-Pull SC Typically the intial stages in the SC are operated in push manner, while the remaining employ pull based strategy. * Interface between push and pull strategy called push-pull boundaries. * For example, in PC industry ,the inventory of the component is managed based ion forecast (push) while the final assembly implies is in response to a specific customer request (pull). The portion prior to assembly is a push part, while pull part starts with assembly and performed based on actual customers demand. The push-pull boundaries is at the beginning of the assembly. Manufacturer takes advantage of the fact that aggregate forecast are more accurate. * Postponement or delayed differentiation in product design is an example of this push-push strategy, where the decisions about specific product can be delayed as long as possible. Identify Appropriate Strategy * Higher demand uncertainty leads to PULL strategy; lower demand uncertainty leads to PUSH strategy * Higher importance of Economies of Scales (value of aggregate demand, imporatance of managing SC based on long term forecast) lead to PUSH strategy; the other way around for PULL strategy. Box I is Pull and Box III is push: understood. * In box IV, more careful analysis is required, depending on specific cost and uncertainties. * For box II, it is an excellent example for push-pull strategy. Implementing Push-Pull Strategy * Low demand uncertainty in PUSH Strategy characterized by long lead time and complex supply chain structure. ItÃ¢â‚¬â„¢s also means that the firm can focus on cost minimization and resource utilization * In PULL portion, there is high uncertainty, simple SC st ructure and short cycle time. The focus is on service level, which can be achieved through flexible and responsive SC, adapt quickly to customers demand. Order fulfilment process are typically applied to maintain service level. Demand Driven Strategy * Demand forecast: Use historical data to develop long term estimate of expected demand * Demand Shaping: Determines the impact of marketing plans (promotion, advertising, discounts, rebates, etc) on demand forecast. To increase forecast efficiency and reduce forecast error, there are few approach: * Select push-pull boundaries where demand is aggregated over one or more dimensions across products, geography, or time * Use market analysis and demographic/ economic trends to improve forecast accuracy * Determine optimal assortment of products by store to reduce the number of SKU competing in same market * Incorporate collaborative planning and forecasting process with your customers to achieve better understanding of market demand, impact of promotions and ads. At the end, the firm has a demand forecast by SKU by location. The next step is to analyse the SC chain and see if it can support the demand forecast. This process called balancing supply and demand. Impact of Internet in Supply Chain Strategies * Internet and emerging e-business has raised expectations that many SC problems could be solved. E business strategy supposed to reduce cost, increase service level and flexibility, and of course profit. * In reality, these expectations frequently unmet. E business: A collection of business models and process motivated by internet technology and focusing on improving the extended enterprise performance E commerce: Ability to perform major commerce transactions electronically